Expanding White Men’s Right to Vote (1787-1856)
At its founding, the experiment of American democracy held the promise of self-government. At the time, this meant that only about 6% of the population could vote, reflecting a general acceptance of the notion that not all citizens had the right to vote. At this time, only those who had a vested interest in the country – that is, those who owned property – warranted such a right. Soon after the Constitution was written, however, this started to change as the states began to extend voting rights to those without property.
1787
U.S. Constitution gives states power to regulate voting
Because there was no agreement on a national standard for voting rights, states were given the power to regulate their own voting laws. In most cases, voting remained in the hands of white male Christian landowners. When Americans elected their first national leader in 1789, only this demographic – making up just 6% of the population – was eligible to vote.
1790
Path to citizenship (and voting) restricted
The Naturalization Act of 1790 was passed. It explicitly stated that only “free white” immigrants can become naturalized citizens.
1792
Some white men without property get the vote
New Hampshire becomes the first state to eliminate property requirements for voting.
1828
Last religion-based restrictions lifted
Maryland became the last state to remove religious barriers. States no longer denied eligible voters the right to vote on the basis of religion.
1856
All white men can vote
North Carolina became the last state to remove property ownership as a requirement to vote. Rich or poor, all white men could now vote.
